鍨傜洿杌稿畾鐞�

涓€鍊�(g猫)骞抽潰鍓涢珨钖勬澘灏�(du矛)浜庡瀭鐩村畠鐨勫钩闈㈢殑杌哥殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺锛岀瓑浜庣篂骞抽潰鍏�(n猫i)鑸囧瀭鐩磋桓鐩镐氦鐨勪换鎰忓叐姝ｄ氦杌哥殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺涔嬪拰銆�

琛ㄩ仈(d谩)寮�:iz=ix+iy

鍓涢珨灏�(du矛)涓€杌哥殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺锛屽彲鎶樼畻鎴愯唱(zh矛)閲忕瓑浜庡墰楂旇唱(zh矛)閲忕殑鍠€�(g猫)璩�(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)灏�(du矛)瑭茶桓鎵€褰㈡垚鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺銆傜敱姝ゆ姌绠楁墍寰楃殑璩�(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)鍒拌綁(zhu菐n)杌哥殑璺濋洟 锛岀ū鐐哄墰楂旂篂瑭茶桓鐨勫洖杞�(zhu菐n)鍗婂緫κ锛屽叾鍏紡鐐� i=mk^2锛屽紡涓璵鐐哄墰楂旇唱(zh矛)閲�;i鐐鸿綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺銆�

杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺鐨勯噺缍辩偤l^2m锛屽湪si鍠綅鍒朵腑锛屽畠鐨勫柈浣嶆槸kg·m^2銆�

鍓涢珨绻炴煇涓€榛�(di菐n)杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勬叄鎬х敱鏇存櫘閬嶇殑鎱ｉ噺寮甸噺鎻忚堪銆傛叄閲忓嫉閲忔槸浜岄殠灏�(du矛)绋卞嫉閲�锛屽畠瀹屾暣鍦板埢鐣嚭鍓涢珨绻為€氶亷(gu貌)瑭查粸(di菐n)浠讳竴杌哥殑杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺鐨勫ぇ灏�銆�

瑁�(b菙)鍏呭皪(du矛)杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺鐨勮┏绱�(x矛)瑙ｉ噵鍙婂叾鐗╃悊鎰忕京锛�

鍏堣(shu艒)杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺鐨勭敱渚�(l谩i)锛屽厛寰炲嫊(d貌ng)鑳借(shu艒)璧峰ぇ瀹堕兘鐭ラ亾鍕�(d貌ng)鑳絜=(1/2)mv^2锛岃€屼笖鍕�(d貌ng)鑳界殑瀵�(sh铆)闅涚墿鐞嗘剰缇╂槸锛氱墿楂旂浉灏�(du矛)鏌愬€�(g猫)绯荤当(t菕ng)(閬稿畾涓€鍊�(g猫)鍙冭€冪郴)閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勫(sh铆)闅涜兘閲�锛�(p鍕�(sh矛)鑳藉(sh铆)闅涙剰缇╁墖鏄墿楂旂浉灏�(du矛)鏌愬€�(g猫)绯荤当(t菕ng)閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勫彲鑳借綁(zhu菐n)鍖栫偤閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勫(sh铆)闅涜兘閲忕殑澶у皬)銆�

e=(1/2)mv^2 (v^2鐐簐鐨�2娆℃柟)

鎶妚=wr浠ｅ叆涓婂紡 (w鏄閫熷害,r鏄崐寰�锛屽湪閫欓噷灏�(du矛)浠讳綍鐗╅珨渚�(l谩i)瑾�(shu艒)鏄妸鐗╅珨寰垎鍖栧垎鐐虹劇(w煤)鏁�(sh霉)鍊�(g猫)璩�(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)锛岃唱(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)鑸囬亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鏁撮珨鐨勯噸蹇冪殑璺濋洟鐐簉,鑰屽啀鎶婁笉鍚岃唱(zh矛)榛�(di菐n)绌嶅垎鍖栧緱鍒板(sh铆)闅涚瓑鏁堢殑r)

寰楀埌e=(1/2)m(wr)^2

鐢变簬鏌愪竴鍊�(g猫)灏�(du矛)璞＄墿楂斿湪閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐣�(d膩ng)涓殑鏈韩灞€鍜宺閮芥槸涓嶈畩鐨�锛屾墍浠ユ妸闂�(gu膩n)浜巑銆乺鐨勮畩閲忕敤涓€鍊�(g猫)璁婇噺k浠ｆ浛, 銆€銆€k=mr^2

寰楀埌e=(1/2)kw^2 銆€銆€k灏辨槸杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺锛屽垎鏋愬(sh铆)闅涙儏娉佷腑鐨勪綔鐢ㄧ浉鐣�(d膩ng)浜庣墰闋撻亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)骞冲嫊(d貌ng)鍒嗘瀽涓殑璩�(zh矛)閲忕殑浣滅敤锛岄兘鏄竴鑸笉杓曟槗璁婄殑閲忋€�

閫欐ǎ鍒嗘瀽涓€鍊�(g猫)杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鍟�(w猫n)椤屽氨鍙互鐢ㄨ兘閲忕殑瑙掑害鍒嗘瀽浜�锛岃€屼笉蹇呮嫎娉ヤ簬鍙緸绱旈亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)瑙掑害鍒嗘瀽杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鍟�(w猫n)椤屻€�

璁婃彌涓€涓嬪叕寮忚搴﹀垎鏋愯綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)

1銆乪=(1/2)kw^2鏈韩浠ｈ〃鐮旂┒灏�(du矛)璞＄殑閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鑳介噺

2銆佷箣鎵€浠ョ敤e=(1/2)mv^2涓嶅ソ鍒嗘瀽杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╅珨鐨勫晱(w猫n)椤�锛屾槸鍥�?y脿n)妲犳覆鑳佽瘽顝咁児D(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╅珨鐨勪换浣曡綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)淇℃伅銆�

3銆乪=(1/2)mv^2闄や簡涓嶅寘鍚綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)淇℃伅锛岃€屼笖閭勪笉鍖呭惈楂旂従(xi脿n)灞€閮ㄩ亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐨勪俊鎭�锛屽洜?y脿n)妲旈敥濞翠箖淇ｈ憖鍙唬琛ㄩ偅鍊�(g猫)鐗╅珨鐨勮唱(zh矛)蹇冮亱(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎯呮硜銆�

4銆乪=(1/2)kw^2涔嬫墍浠ュ埄浜庡垎鏋愶紝鏄洜?y脿n)姒橆弲顑滆墭绮嬧偓(g猫)鐗╅珨鐨勬墍鏈夎綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)淇℃伅锛屽洜?y脿n)妾桪(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺k=mr^2鏈韩灏辨槸涓€绋⿳鍒嗗緱鍒扮殑鏁�(sh霉)锛屾洿绱�(x矛)涓€浜涜瑳灏辨槸缍滃悎浜嗚綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鐗╅珨鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)涓嶈畩鐨勪俊鎭殑绛夋晥绲�(ji茅)鏋渒=∑ mr^2 (閫欓噷鐨刱鍜屼笂妯撶殑j涓€妯�)

鎵€浠�锛屽氨鏄洜?y脿n)姒榣(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)浜嗚綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺锛屽緸鑳介噺鐨勮搴﹀垎鏋愯綁(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鍟�(w猫n)椤岋紝灏辨湁浜嗗児(ji脿)鍊�銆�

鑻ュ墰楂旂殑璩�(zh矛)閲忔槸閫ｇ簩(x霉)鍒嗗竷鐨�锛屽墖杞�(zhu菐n)鍕�(d貌ng)鎱ｉ噺鐨勮▓(j矛)绠楀叕寮忓彲瀵垚k=∑ mr^2=∫r^2dm=∫r^2σdv

鍏朵腑dv琛ㄧずdm鐨勯珨绌嶅厓锛�σ琛ㄧず瑭茶檿鐨勫瘑搴�锛宺琛ㄧず瑭查珨绌嶅厓鍒拌綁(zhu菐n)杌哥殑璺濋洟銆�