​1.鑴傛憾鎬ч珮鍜屽垎瀛愰噺灏忕殑鐗╄唱(zh矛)(濡� O2銆丆O2銆丯2銆佷箼閱囥€佸翱绱�銆侀鍥洪唶婵€绱犮€佺敇娌瑰拰姘村垎瀛愮瓑)寰炶啘鐨勯珮婵冨害涓€鍋�(c猫)鍚戜綆婵冨害涓€鍋�(c猫)璺ㄨ啘閬�(y霉n)鍕�(d貌ng)绋辩偤鍠磾鎿�(ku貌)鏁�銆�

2.鏄撳寲鎿�(ku貌)鏁ｆ槸鎸囧付闆婚洟瀛愬拰姘存憾鎬у垎瀛愬湪鑶滆泲鐧界殑浠嬪皫(d菐o)涓�锛岄爢婵冨害姊害鎴栭浕浣嶆搴﹂€�(j矛n)琛岀殑璺ㄨ啘杞�(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)锛屼笉闇€瑕佹秷鑰楄兘閲�銆傚垎鐐虹稉(j墨ng)杓夐珨铔嬬櫧鐨勬槗鍖栨摯(ku貌)鏁�(钁¤悇绯�銆佹皑鍩洪吀銆佹牳鑻烽吀鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)鏂瑰紡)鍜岀稉(j墨ng)閫氶亾铔嬬櫧鐨勬槗鍖栨摯(ku貌)鏁�(Na+銆丆l-銆丆a2+銆並+鐨勮綁(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)鏂瑰紡)銆�

3.涓诲嫊(d貌ng)杞�(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)鏄敱闆㈠瓙娉靛拰杞�(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)楂旇啘铔嬬櫧浠嬪皫(d菐o)鐨勬秷鑰楄兘閲�銆侀€嗘績搴︽搴﹀拰/鎴栭浕浣嶆搴︾殑璺ㄨ啘杞�(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)锛屽垎鐐哄師鐧�(f膩)鎬т富鍕�(d貌ng)杞�(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)[濡傞垑娉�(Na+,K+-ATP 閰�)杞�(zhu菐n)

閬�(y霉n)]鍜岀辜鐧�(f膩)鎬т富鍕�(d貌ng)杞�(zhu菐n)閬�(y霉n)(濡傝憽钀勭硸鍦ㄥ皬鑵搁粡鑶滅殑閲嶅惛鏀�锛孨a+-H+浜ゆ彌鍜� Na+-Ca2+浜ゆ彌)銆�

4.闈滄伅闆讳綅涓昏鏄� K+鐨勫钩琛￠浕浣�锛岀敱 K+澶栨祦鐢�(ch菐n)鐢�;鍕�(d貌ng)浣滈浕浣嶇殑鍘绘サ鐩告槸鎸� Na+鐨勫钩琛￠浕浣�锛岀敱 Na+鍏�(n猫i)娴佺敘(ch菐n)鐢�銆�

5.绁炵稉(j墨ng)-楠ㄩ鑲屾帴闋檿鐨勮垐濂偝閬炰腑绐佽Ц灏忔场閲嬫斁鐨勯仦璩�(zh矛)鏄箼閰拌喗鍫裤€傞楠艰倢绱�(x矛)鑳炵殑鑸堝ギ-鏀剁府鑰﹁伅(li谩n)鍥犲瓙鏄疌a2+銆�

6.绱呯窗(x矛)鑳炲叿鏈夊彲濉戣畩褰㈡€�銆佹嚫娴┅(w臎n)瀹氭€у拰婊查€忚剢鎬�銆傜磪绱�(x矛)鑳炴嚫娴┅(w臎n)瀹氭€х殑瑭�(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)鎸囨(bi膩o)鏄磪绱�(x矛)鑳炴矇闄嶇巼(琛€娌�)锛岃嫢绱呯窗(x矛)鑳炵枈閫ｅ姞閫�锛屽墖琛€娌夊姞蹇紝鍗虫嚫娴┅(w臎n)瀹氭€у樊銆�

7.绱呯窗(x矛)鑳炵殑涓昏鍔熻兘鏄亱(y霉n)杓� O2鍜� CO2;浜洪珨鍚堟垚琛€绱呰泲鐧界殑閲嶈鍘熸枡鏄惖鍜岃泲鐧借唱(zh矛);绱呯窗(x矛)鑳炴垚鐔熸墍蹇呴渶鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)鏄憠閰稿拰缍敓绱� B12;姗�(j墨)楂旂磪绱�(x矛)鑳炵敓鎴愮殑涓昏瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏄� EPO銆�

8.涓€х矑绱�(x矛)鑳炲拰鍠牳绱�(x矛)鑳炲叿鏈夊悶鍣窗(x矛)鑿�锛屾竻闄ょ暟鐗┿€佽“鑰佺磪绱�(x矛)鑳炲拰鎶楀師-鎶楅珨寰�(f霉)鍚堢墿鐨勫姛鑳�銆�

9.琛€灏忔澘涓昏鍙冭垏鐢熺悊鎬ф琛€;琛€灏忔澘鐨勭敓鐞嗙壒鎬у寘鎷粡闄�銆侀噵鏀�銆佽仛闆�銆佹敹绺€佸惛闄�銆傜敓鐞嗘€ф琛€鐨勪笁鍊�(g猫)閬�(gu貌)绋嬬偤琛€绠℃敹绺�銆佽灏忔澘琛€鏍撳舰鎴愬拰琛€娑插嚌鍥�銆傚嚌琛€閬�(gu貌)绋嬬殑涓夊€�(g猫)鍩烘湰姝ラ鐐哄嚌琛€閰跺師寰�(f霉)娲荤墿鐨勫舰鎴�→鍑濊閰跺師鐨勬縺娲�→绾栫董铔嬬櫧鐨勭敓鎴愩€�

10.楂斿収(n猫i)鐨勭敓鐞嗘€ф姉鍑濈墿璩�(zh矛)鍙垎鐐虹挡姘ㄩ吀铔嬬櫧閰舵姂鍒剁墿(鏈€閲嶈鐨勬槸鎶楀嚌琛€閰垛參)銆佽泲鐧借唱(zh矛) C 绯荤当(t菕ng)銆佺祫绻斿洜瀛愰€斿緫鎶戝埗鐗�(TFPI)鍜岃倽绱�(澧炲挤(qi谩ng)鎶楀嚌琛€閰垛參鐨勬椿鎬�)鍥涢銆傚暉鍕�(d貌ng)鍏�(n猫i)婧愭€у嚌琛€閫斿緫鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)鏄叓鍥犲瓙銆�

11.蹇冨鑲岀窗(x矛)鑳炲嫊(d貌ng)浣滈浕浣� 0 鏈熷幓妤靛寲鐨勯洟瀛愭(j墨)鍒禢a+鍏�(n猫i)娴�;骞宠嚭(t谩i)鏈熷舰鎴愮殑闆㈠瓙姗�(j墨)鍒舵槸 K+澶栨祦鍜� Ca2+ 鍏�(n猫i)娴佸悓鏅�(sh铆)瀛樺湪銆傜珖鎴跨祼(ji茅)绱�(x矛)鑳� 0 鏈熷幓妤靛寲鐨勯洟瀛愭(j墨)鍒舵槸 Ca2+鍏�(n猫i)娴併€�

12.蹇冨嫊(d貌ng)鍛ㄦ湡涓績鎴�銆佸績瀹ゃ€佸嫊(d貌ng)鑴堝収(n猫i)澹撳姏鐨勬瘮杓冿細

鈶犵瓑瀹规敹绺湡锛氭埧?j墨)?n猫i)澹�<瀹ゅ収(n猫i)澹�<鍕�(d貌ng)鑴堝;鈶″皠琛€鏈燂細鎴�?j墨)?n猫i)澹�<瀹ゅ収(n猫i)澹�>鍕�(d貌ng)鑴堝;鈶㈢瓑瀹硅垝寮垫湡锛氭埧?j墨)?n猫i)澹�<瀹ゅ収(n猫i)澹�<鍕�(d貌ng)鑴堝;鈶ｅ績瀹ゅ厖鐩堟湡锛氭埧?j墨)?n猫i)澹�>瀹ゅ収(n猫i)澹�<鍕�(d貌ng)鑴堝銆�

13.瑭�(p铆ng)瀹氬績鑷熸车琛€鍔熻兘鐨勪富瑕佹寚妯�(bi膩o)鏄績鑷熺殑杓稿嚭閲�锛屽寘鎷瘡鎼忚几鍑洪噺鍜屾瘡鍒嗛悩蹇冭几鍑洪噺銆�

14.蹇冧氦鎰熺缍�(j墨ng)鑸堝ギ鏅�(sh铆)锛岀瘈(ji茅)鍚庣簴缍湯姊㈤噵鏀惧幓鐢茶厧涓婅吅绱�;蹇冭糠璧扮缍�(j墨ng)鑸堝ギ鏅�(sh铆)锛岀瘈(ji茅)鍚庣簴缍噵鏀鹃仦璩�(zh矛)涔欓叞鑶藉牽(ACh)

15.灏忓姂閲忕殑鑵庝笂鑵虹礌浠ヨ垐濂�β2鑵庝笂鑵虹礌鍙楅珨鐨勬晥鎳�(y墨ng)鐐轰富锛屽紩璧烽楠艰倢鍜岃倽鑷熻绠¤垝寮�锛屽ぇ鍔戦噺鐨勮厧涓婅吅绱犲墖寮曡捣楂斿収(n猫i)澶у鏁�(sh霉)琛€绠℃敹绺�銆傞潨鑴堟敞灏勫幓鐢茶厧涓婅吅绱犲彲浣垮叏韬绠″唬娉涙敹绺�锛屽嫊(d貌ng)鑴堣澹撳崌楂�锛岃嚚搴婄敤浣滃崌澹撹棩銆�

16.鐩″姏鍚告埃鍚庯紝寰炶偤鍏�(n猫i)鎵€鑳藉懠鍑虹殑鏈€澶ф埃楂旈噺绋辩偤鑲烘椿閲�锛屾槸鑲哄姛鑳芥脯(c猫)瀹氱殑甯哥敤鎸囨(bi膩o)銆傜敤鍔涜偤娲婚噺鏄寚涓€娆℃渶澶у惛姘ｅ悗锛岀洝鍔涚洝蹇懠姘ｆ墍鑳藉懠鍑虹殑鏈€澶ф埃楂旈噺銆傜 1 绉掔敤鍔涘懠姘ｉ噺鏄嚚搴婂弽鏄犺偤閫氭埃鍔熻兘鏈€甯哥敤鐨勬寚妯�(bi膩o)锛岀磩鐐鸿偤娲婚噺鐨� 80%銆�

17.鑳冩恫鐨勪富瑕佹垚鍒嗭細鈶犻菇閰稿拰鍏�(n猫i)鍥犲瓙(鐢卞绱�(x矛)鑳炲垎娉�);鈶¤儍铔嬬櫧閰跺師(鐢变富绱�(x矛)鑳炲垎娉�);鈶㈤粡娑插拰 HCO3-(鐢遍粡娑茬窗(x矛)鑳炲垎娉�)銆侶CO3-鍙繚璀�(h霉)鑳冮粡鑶�;鍏�(n猫i)鍥犲瓙鑳借垏缍敓绱� B12绲�(ji茅)鍚�锛屽舰鎴愬京(f霉)鍚堢墿锛屾槗浜庤鍥炶吀涓诲嫊(d貌ng)鍚告敹銆�

18.鑳冮吀鐨勪綔鐢細鈶犳縺娲昏儍铔嬬櫧閰跺師锛屽苟鐐轰箣鎻愪緵閬╁疁鐨勯吀鎬х挵(hu谩n)澧�;鈶℃鑿屼綔鐢�;鈶娇椋熺墿涓殑铔嬬櫧璩�(zh矛)璁婃€э紝鏄撲簬娑堝寲;鈶ｄ績閫�(j矛n)閻�銆侀垼鐨勫惛鏀�;鈶や績閫�(j矛n)鑳版恫銆佸皬鑵告恫鍜岃喗姹佺殑鍒嗘硨銆�

19.鑳冪殑锠曞嫊(d貌ng)濮嬩簬鑳冮珨鐨勪腑閮�锛屼互涓€娉㈡湭骞�銆佷竴娉㈠張璧风殑褰㈠紡锛屾湁绡€(ji茅)寰嬪湴鍚戝菇闁€(m茅n)鏂瑰悜鎺ㄩ€�(j矛n)銆傛瘡鍒嗛悩绱�3 娆★紝姣忔锠曞嫊(d貌ng)绱勯渶 1min 鍒伴仈(d谩)骞介杸(m茅n)銆�

20.鈶犻珨婧槸鎸囪韩楂旀繁閮ㄧ殑骞冲潎楂旀韩;浜鸿厠绐╂韩搴︾殑姝ｅ父鍊肩偤 36.0锝�37.4鈩�;鍙ｈ厰鐐� 36.7锝�37.7鈩�;

鐩磋吀鐐� 36.9锝�37.9鈩冦€傗憽鐧�(f膩)鎻珨婧(di脿o)瀹氶粸(di菐n)浣滅敤鐨勯儴浣嶅湪瑕栧墠鍗€(q奴)-涓嬩笜鑵﹀墠閮�(PO/AH);鐣�(d膩ng)姝ｅ父浜轰腑妯炴韩搴﹂珮浜庨珨婧(di脿o)瀹氶粸(di菐n)鏅�(sh铆)锛岄珨婧腑妯炵殑瑾�(di脿o)绡€(ji茅)浣滅敤鏄檷浣庣敘(ch菐n)鐔�锛屽姞寮�(qi谩ng)鏁ｇ啽銆�

浠ヤ笂灏辨槸鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍＄法杓偤澶у鏁寸悊鐨�“鍒濈礆(j铆)钘ュ斧鍩虹(ch菙)鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)20姊濋毃鎵嬮€熻儗”鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鍏�(n猫i)瀹�銆傚悇浣嶈€冪敓濡傛兂浜嗚В鏇村鑰冭│璩囪▕锛岃珛(q菒ng)瀵嗗垏闂�(gu膩n)娉ㄥ垵绱�(j铆)钘ュ斧鑰冭│娆勭洰锛屼篃鍙互浣跨敤 鍏嶈不(f猫i)闋�(y霉)绱勭煭淇℃彁閱�鍔熻兘鐛插彇閲嶈鑰冭│鏅�(sh铆)闁撶瘈(ji茅)榛�(di菐n)銆傜挵(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍＄偤澶у婧�(zh菙n)鍌欎簡鍒濈礆(j铆)钘ュ斧鑰冭│绮捐瑳鐭ヨ瓨(sh铆)榛�(di菐n)銆佺湡椤岀瓟妗堣垏瑙ｆ瀽绛夊倷鑰冭硣鏂�锛岄粸(di菐n)鎿�鍏嶈不(f猫i)涓嬭級鍗冲彲闋�(l菒ng)鍙栬硣鏂�锛屽笇鏈涜€冪敓鍊戝ソ濂藉京(f霉)缈�(x铆)锛侀爯(y霉)绁濆ぇ瀹惰€冭│闋嗗埄~